Function calling: tools, JSON schema and the tool loop
A language model trained only on text cannot check today's stock price, run your code, or write to your database — it can only generate text. Function calling changes this by giving the model a catalogue of tools it can invoke. The model reads the tool descriptions, decides which one to call, outputs a structured JSON request, and your application executes the actual function. The result flows back and the model synthesises a final answer. This is the bridge between language and action.
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