Harmonic oscillations

Model $x(t)=A\sin(\omega t+\varphi)$ (or $A\cos(\omega t+\varphi_0)$ )

$A>0$ — amplitude (maximum displacement from equilibrium along this coordinate in the model). $\omega>0$ — angular frequency (rad/s if $t$ is in seconds). Oscillation period: $T=\dfrac{2\pi}{\omega}.$ $\varphi$ — initial phase; it shifts the graph along the time axis: when $\varphi$ increases the wave arrives earlier. $A\cos(\omega t+\varphi_0)$ has the same shape — only a phase shift relative to the $\sin$ form.

$f=\dfrac{1}{T}$ — ordinary frequency (Hz) if $t$ is time in seconds

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